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Business cycles

Tracking the euro-zone economy in real time

Apr 27th 2012, 16:21 by R.A. | WASHINGTON

THE greatest short-term threat to the world economy continues to be Europe's debt crisis. The progress of the euro-zone crisis will, in turn, depend on the length and depth of the euro-area ecession. If output is shrinking and unemployment rising, then austerity measures are likely to make economic conditions worse while raising very little new revenue. The euro zone may fall ever deeper into a hole.

That's an unnerving possibility. After shrinking in the fourth quarter of 2011, the euro-zone economy showed early signs of life in 2012. They were not to last. The soothing effect of the European Central Bank's trillion-euro effort to prop up the European banking system was wearing off by March. The latest industrial production and employment figures suggest a new phase of economic weakening may have begun.

An analysis of recent data points by Now-Casting, which publishes "real-time" economic forecasts, suggests that the euro zone may have narrowly avoided contraction in the first quarter. That good fortune doesn't seem likely to persist through the second quarter. Even worse, contraction in the third quarter now looks a real possibility. You can see the information that goes into their forecast in the interactive chart below.

Readers' comments

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Steve Thompson

Here is a country-by-country look at Europe's debt and deficit problems current to the end of 2011:

http://viableopposition.blogspot.ca/2012/04/country-by-country-look-at-e...

Less than half of Europe is within the 60 percent debt-to-GDP and 3 percent deficit-to-GDP guidelines as mandated by the EU despite the fact that last year was not technically a recession for most nations. Four nations alone are responsible for 69 percent of the EU27 debt.

ZPsUpq4CcJ

it may be my view shifting, but I am increasingly becoming aware - as non-british EU citizen - of how partial and predictable the position of the Economist are becoming (I was once an admirer of it, and somehow I still am); basically they keep pushing the same issues

gdpbull

Economists and politicians are trapped in the paradigm of big government. Here's a thought. What if long term government spending prior to a recession was a very small percent of GDP. If so, then when a recession hit and government revenues fell, nobody would care about government cutting their spending to avoid a deficit.

So the proper way out of this, is to move toward smaller government. Yes its painful, but that's the only way out.

Sorry, but we have heard too many times that we need to keep spending for now in order to stimulate the economy until it starts to recover. But when the economy shows recovery, there is still no austerity. The spending increases continue. So we have reached the point where austerity is the only option.

bampbs

Gee - who would ever have guessed that austerity in a depression stifles growth? What shall we call something so obvious and easily forseen ? A Neon Swan?

ow4744

"austerity measures are likely to make economic conditions worse while raising very little new revenue"

As a British reader, I am getting increasingly frustrated by the Economist's position on austerity - why is it good for Britain but nowhere else? Of course all western nations need a sustainable budget plan for the future, but while short term austerity (with 80% of cuts to go) destroys confidence and business investment/consumer spending in Britain, the Economist still seems to support it despite warning others off it. Is Britain some sort of economic laboratory?

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fundamentalist

I think TE has a bug. There are a bunch of old responses below.

enriquecost

The Greek crisis has been positive for the Eurozone as a whole, and the Euro has won the War to the Bottom in the Currency Wars, same as the USD.....Meanwhile, the Yen, the Real and the Pound have lost it.

VukVukovic

here's an overview of the leading indicators for selected eurozone countries: http://im-an-economist.blogspot.com/2012/02/business-cycle-tracking-euro...

Since this is primarily a crisis of confidence, it is hard to look at the typical economic variables and conclude of a positive (or negative) upcoming trend. According to the data from November, things would have been pretty terrible right now, but no one talks anymore of a euro break-up and nationwide bankruptcies. To make better expectations on future economic behaviour, one should rather look at political decisions on how to resolve the crisis (such as reforms in Italy or Spain for example), as these may send much more reliable signals on the recovery.

nina_s45

Globalisation of finance without proper regulation on lending aggravates the crisis. There need to be uniform fiscal and monitory policy across the countries in eurozone. In order for euro to stay requires a common fiscal union which can impose stringent fiscal rules as the countries with very different growth rate and trade deficit vying with each other for capital.

guest-iilnmle in reply to nina_s45

National ruling elites lose all power when they cannot control the pursestrings. With all local control lost, who will send in their troops to quell the violence and control the populations who are suffering. NATO. Germany ??????

flymulla

We had it Welcome to 2012.How many ways can you say “it’s different this time?” There’s “abnormal,” “subnormal,” “paranormal” and of course “new normal.” Mohamed El-Erian’s awakening phrase of several years past has virtually been adopted into the lexicon these days, but now it has an almost antiquated vapour to it that reflected calmer seas in 2011 as opposed to the possibility of a perfect storm in 2012. The New Normal as PIMCO and other economists would describe it was a world of muted western growth, high unemployment and relatively orderly delivering. Now we appear to be morphing into a world with much fatter tails, bordering on bimodal. It’s as if the Earth now has two moons instead of one and both are growing in size like a cancerous tumour that may threaten the financial tides, oceans and economic life as we have known it for the past half century. I also do not understand the grading of AAA BBB in the economy or terrorism I thank you Firozali A.Mulla DBA

bampbs

If governments don't have the spine to carry out counter-cyclical policies, it would be better if they did nothing than to make things worse.

fundamentalist in reply to bampbs

If they did nothing they would default on their debt because 1) they can't pay it and 2) no one would lend them the money to make the payments.
RA seems to think "austerity" was an option that governments didn't have to accept. It wasn't. Lenders required a tiny measure of restraint as a condition for extending the loans to countries near default so they could at least make their next loan payment.

xPeru

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2.

chernyshevsky

The eurozone trade data looks pretty good, considering that oil price has surged pass $100 a barrel in November. The decline of industrial production has also slowed to 0.1%.

Meanwhile, the US trade deficit has widened by 10% to $47.8 billion. The gap with Germany, at $4.7 billion, is the largest since October 2005.

shaun39 in reply to Bibliophile_Indien

That the US economy is still being injected and propped up with massive capital inflows - just as Ireland and Spain before the crisis.

If and when those capital flows reverse - even modestly - aggregate demand will take a massive hit.

That would imply another permanent hit to GDP - perhaps a few years of recession without much by way of a recovery.

The US has taken some hit from deleveraging - but it hasn't yet taken the soon-to-come hits from fiscal correction and rebalanced capital flows.

In relative per-capita terms, the northern Eurozone and Eastern Europe are likely to outperform the US over the next decade - their economic positions (government debt/ trade balances/ financial leverage) are not as precarious, and they are experiencing solid productivity growth and rising labor participation.

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In this blog, our correspondents consider the fluctuations in the world economy and the policies intended to produce more booms than busts. Adam Smith argued that in a free exchange both parties benefit, and this blog's aim is to encourage a free exchange of views on economic matters.

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