Baobab

Africa

Cashews in Ghana

Nut cluster

Oct 19th 2011, 11:00 by P.L. | TECHIMAN

A MOUNTAIN of bulging jute bags hides the far wall of a vast shed. A deafening rattle comes from the machine by the open door, a green contraption of conveyors and rotating metal drums that sorts cashews by size and drops them into sacks. Amid the din, an engineer (Italian, like the machine) explains how it works.

The new factory at Techiman in western Ghana belongs to Rajkumar Impex, an Indian company which processes more cashews than anyone else: 8-10% of the global crop and 20% of Africa’s. Venkatesan Rajkumar, its founder and boss, says that by 2014 he intends to have 18% of the global total. When the Techiman factory is fully open, which it is due to be in November, it will be one of Africa’s few fully mechanised processing plants, drying, roasting shelling and grading some 50 tonnes of raw nuts a day.

African farmers grow about 40% of the world’s cashews, but only around 10% of the crop (less in the west, more in the east) is processed in Africa, according to the African Cashew Alliance, an industry group. Most African nuts go to India or to Vietnam, which grows and prepares more cashews than any other country. The Alliance wants the continent to process 35% of its own raw nuts by 2020.

Mr Rajkumar too believes that “west African nations should develop their own processing capacity” and sees an opportunity for his firm. He is investing $9m in the Techiman factory, expecting to save the cost of transporting bulky material by sea all the way to India. He intends to open factories in Benin and Côte d’Ivoire, and maybe another in Ghana. He is also expanding in southern and east Africa, buying a factory in Mozambique and hoping to build one in Tanzania.

West Africa seems a good base from which to serve Americans and Europeans with pre-prandial nibbles or beer-friendly fistfuls. India has a huge domestic market to satisfy—the world’s biggest, which grew more than 9% a year in the past decade. Vietnam, where Rajkumar Impex also has factories, is best placed for East Asia.

Locals, as well as Rajkumar Impex, stand to gain from the Techiman factory. It will employ 1,000 people, 90% of them women. Mr Rajkumar says their pay will depend on how much they process, but he expects it to be four to five cedis ($2.40-3.00) a day, plus food: a good wage by local standards. The company says it can improve farmers’ incomes as well. It reckons there is a margin of up to 20% between what agents pay them for their nuts and what it pays the agents. By dealing with farmers’ co-operatives instead of middlemen, the company can both pay farmers more and get raw nuts more cheaply.

As well as a boost to its economy, Techiman should also see a green boost to its power supply. Rajkumar Impex is spending another $9m on generating electricity from biomass, using nut waste and other material to be bought in. Of the 6MW it plans to generate, it expects to use 0.6MW and to give some of the rest to the local community. (The remainder will be sold into the national grid.) The government, though, will have to provide the wires. As travellers on the bumpy road to Techiman know, west Africa needs infrastructure as well as factories.

Correction: Originally the last paragraph of the article stated that all the surplus electricity would be given to the local community. This was corrected on October 20th 2011

Readers' comments

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mrgn

I think that it is good they are trying to move the processing of cashews into south africa. By doing this they will provide more jobs and stimulate their economy by producing and processing the cashews.

anne90

I think that it is good they are trying to move the processing of cashews into south africa. By doing this they will provide more jobs and stimulate their economy by producing and processing the cashews.

J.akogyeram

It’s exciting to see the investment of China and India in Africa. Some years ago, when “the west” invested in China, it began to see major production of products that ultimately led to a significant growth of China’s economy and hopefully, the same will be the case for Africa. Africa is place rich with opportunity and it will be interesting to see what role different countries play in the maturation of Africa as a continent.

vscott11

This is great for the african economy...they definitely need some help and this really sounds like a very promising development.....africa just needs a lot of outside input and this can boost the economy as well as offer more job opportunities....well done Rajkumar Impex...

Ixmal

That story is as beautiful as the ladies in the photo.

The idea of Africa as a source of raw materials to create jobs the west should end.

Then we will really see the irony of producing the inedible coffee beans, for the optional refreshment of well-fed westerners, instead of edible beans for about 9 million of the landowners threatened who regularly come to the brink of starvation.

It is hardly surprising that Mr. Venkatesan understood this irony very well, as Mr. Gandhi did with regard to home-spun textiles versus unemployment in Lancashire. The fact that he is able to make profits and cut costs at the same time is the result of fair trade and social enterprise.

Keep going, Mr. Venkatesan, and don’t forget to stop by Kenya and, later as she is pacified, Somalia.

nerd14

This provides a way to break the economic system that was created under imperialism and still, in many ways, continues today. The dependence and monoculture forced upon imperial holdings resulted in countries today that retain monoculture and lack processing capabilities. This problem can be exasperated by free trade agreements. However, this company is doing an excellent job in changing that. I think that those who desire to help the world should focus on fair trade and increasing the processing sector in developing coutnries.

smoppelt

The establishment of this industry in West Africa is definitely a step in the right direction. This will boost the African economy and the standard of living immensely. It is nice to see wise investments being made in countries that actually need the economical support. This is huge in regards to what the future will bring and how Africa will grow to become more economically powerful and recognized amongst global powers.

mfappleb

Hopefully this new nut processing plant will bring some new economic growth to this region of Africa. It is good to see these nuts being processed in the place that they were picked, instead of being shipped halfway across the world to even cheaper labor. It is great to see that they will be employing a majority of women as well. If you empower the mothers, you will empower the families.

jawan212

This is great news for West Africa. The new plant will generate a better economy and eventually a higher standard of living in the area. Hopefully, Techiman is leading the way for more factories to be built in Africa to manufacture raw materials. How will the opening of this plant effect India and Vietnam? Obviously, on a small scale, the cashew plant in Africa will result in job losses in the shipping and manufacturing of cashews in these other countries. However, economically speaking, this new plant will provide more competition in the market.

Jack of Shadows

One rather pleasant datum here is such a high percentage of the labor force are women. I don't speak to feminism but to the demonstrable fact that in developing countries, women save more, invest more (financially) in their children's education, and otherwise are more likely to form future successful ventures.

Valli2

I hope this is good news for the good people of West-Africa, who have had more than their share of poverty and civil wars. One wonders if the land used for growing the nuts, which are subsequently exported leads to less production of other foodstuffs in Ghana as a whole. I hope not. I have no information to evaluate, whether this could deteriorate the food situation in Ghana, but hope it won´t and that the net result is mostly beneficial. Asians, such as the Indians in this case and the Chinese in many other instances have been much less selfish as it seems than European colonial powers were and have been in their conduct with Sub-Saharan Africa. A widespread building of infrastructure in Africa is witness to that.

gRjWP8c84r

Good job Venkatesan Rajkumar !!! Please DO NOT let the government get involved in any part of your co-gen operation! They will turn it into a tax trap for the people. Utilities such as phone, electricity and recently natural gas, were all put into place privately through co-ops by the users themselves throughout ALL of western Canada. The governments then slowly took them over, regulated them, bureaucratized them, de-regulated them, sold them, and on and on we continue. As long as the community company owned them the utility was affordable and even CHEAP.

peted7

The fact that Africa grows 40% of the world's cashews but only processes 10% of the crop hearkens back to export monoculture, something that was instituted in the African colonies long ago. It seems very important that Africa should develop their own industry for processing their goods rather than export the raw material and import the finished product. The raw material producer typically winds up the loser in the export monoculture trade off, primarily because of the land required and environmental effects of producing a raw material. To move forward, developing Africa's own processing capacity seems very important in terms of boosting the African economy.

Carlos Collaco

A smiling news as beaming as the two workers pictured.
An example of how an Indian company is introducing technology and providing opportunity to local communities.
The text's gist suggests a win-win formula built up straight from Nature's bounty. Matching production to the demands of discerning consumers everywhere.

The way forward is to move up the value chain by having more processing plants within Africa.

Rajkumar Impex is doing its part to strengthen trade ties between Africa, India and a host of countries worldwide.
I would wish to see Mozambique back to volume production and processing, one of the country's prized exports formerly.

Nuts is it!

shaun39

This is great to hear!

Now is time to cut import tariffs and discriminatory import regulation, especially on food.

In the midst of a depression, expanding the potential for world trade and economic growth is all the more important - especially of the world's poorest!

Now, forget sanctions against "currency manipulators" - get back to Doha.

WideEyed86

This should be embarrasing for Ghanaians. You guys seriously can't open up your own processing plants? I guess Ghanaians are too busy overseas making trades for UBS.

No Mist

This shows a viable way forward for African nations to deal with the emerging powers. And that is to deal with private firms instead of state owned ones, which will be least interested in any long term development of Africa.

Now everybody knows where the private firms are and where the state monopolies are.

Need I say more ?

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On this blog our correspondents delve into the politics, economics and culture of the continent of Africa, from Cairo to the Cape. The blog takes its name from the baobab, a massive tree that grows throughout much of Africa. It stores water, provides food and is often called the tree of life.

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