Jan 5th 2012, 17:42 by C.F.
SINCE Wi-Fi's birth over a decade ago in a forgotten corner of the radio spectrum many municipalities have tried to create city-wide networks for public use. Some have notched up limited successes. Google famously covers its hometown of Mountain View, California, with freely accessible hotspots. Much of Estonia, particularly the capital, Tallinn, is famous for having near ubiquitous free-access points not just in most hotels, bars and cafés, but also in supermarkets and hospitals. However, many bigger urban areas with more ambitious plans, like Philadelphia, Chicago and Taipei have not done nearly as well.
Earlier this week the Malaysian capital, Kuala Lumpur, went a step further. Its authorities announced that starting in April all restaurants, cafés, bar, pubs, and clubs larger than 120 square metres will need to provide wireless Internet access for free or "for a reasonable fee". "The Wi-Fi service is in demand and food outlet operators who offer it will be giving their customers value-added services," Tan Sri Ahmad Fuad Ismail, the city's mayor, told the New Straits Times, an English-language newspaper.
Mr Ismail added that a survey is currently under way to find out which of the capital's innumerable eateries already offer Wi-Fi. Evidently, all applicants for new licences or renewals will be obliged to provide a wireless service. And the city hall wants to bring Wi-Fi to publicly managed food courts, or “hawker centres”.
Curiously, the announcement coincided with another in which Mr Ismail declared that WirelessKL, a service to provide 1,500 hotspots around Kuala Lumpur which had been partially funded by the city, was being discontinued. According to the New Straits Times, the new plan is designed "to give other service providers a chance to offer better connectivity and value-added service to city folk”. A cynic might conclude that city hall decided that it is better off passing the burden on to internet providers and business owners.
Kuala Lumpur's municipal leaders may have been inspired by Solomon Passy, Bulgaria's former foreign minister. In June 2011 Mr Passy wrote an open letter calling on the European Commission to "transform the European Union into a Wi-Fi paradise" by requiring that Wi-Fi connectivity feature in Europe's building codes, and putting paid to what he viewed as overpriced Wi-Fi in hotels and airports. Unlike Kuala Lumpur, though, Brussels has yet to take up Mr Passy's proposal.
In this blog, our correspondents report on the intersections between science, technology, culture and policy. The blog takes its name from Charles Babbage, a Victorian mathematician and engineer who designed a mechanical computer.
Advertisement
Over the past five days
Over the past seven days
Advertisement
Readers' comments
The Economist welcomes your views. Please stay on topic and be respectful of other readers. Review our comments policy.
Sort:
Of course, in the US, the large internet and cellular providers are trying to get laws passed to block municipal wi-fi. That doesn't provide direct benefit to them; in most cases, the connectivity they block doesn't compete with existing internet service. But it protects them from possible unflattering comparisons between their service and the muni services.
Free WiFi ? Good.
Free WiFi required by coercive city government? Not good.
Perhaps Mr Ismail should direct his attention at more basic shortcomings, such as keeping restaurants from expanding onto public walkways and forcing pedestrians to walk in the busy streets.
@ Connect the Dots
Computers connected to an unsecured WiFi network are vulnerable to attack by any passing or lurking hacker. Computers that are permanently connected to the same one are even more vulnerable. Still, the majority of individuals who use or generate networks are very unlikely to be the victim of a serious crime.
Criminals are interested in profiting from their risks and the majority of what's on most computers is uninteresting to them because there isn't a good way to make money out of it. Add to this the safety provided by the crowd and it is possible to argue that unsecured WiFi isn't very likely to make you a victim.
Organised cyber crime does use unsecured wifi networks in the course of its work. Picking on punters in coffee shops or random freegans in the neighborhood isn't the reason for it though. Far more useful is that the police can't trace the source of malicious code or other sinister nastiness beyond the IP address of the unsecured network that it came from.
Amen to that! And what of bag-snitching? And evil thugs masquerading as taxi drivers targeting unsuspecting tourists? Also used tissues all over the floors? Looks like no amount of supersonic wifi could do enough justice for that, no?
I put a password on my wifi because having 10 other people on my network downloading movies really slows my connection down. If it didn't have any influence on performance, then I see no problem with having open networks everywhere. But in the totally open system proposed, those who use a ton of bandwidth are going to make routine Facebook-ing or reading The Economist near impossible for the rest.
A better idea is to offer a basic free wifi service citywide (with either a conservative monthly download limit or a speed limit) with the assumption that most people would pay for better service at their homes or workplaces.
Bandwidth isn't unlimited, there are physical constants to the system so every customer can't have 100 MB/s downloads all the time. If they want that, then they have to be expected to pay. I don't think it's unreasonable.
Wave Centre promises Free Internet. That's worth checking out. Wavetele.com is the website.
I like the approach taken in Malaysia.
All recreation and retail units with more than 80m^2 of floor space could be legally required to provide publicly accessible WLAN with an annually escalating minimum capacity (or pay an appropriate penalty).
This is an obvious strategy: the infrastructure to deliver this service already exists, and would cost very little to role out if led entirely by the private sector. The positive externalities would be enormous - for business, tourism and personal freedom.
Even bolder, and on a similar line to Connect The Dots' thinking, the government could impose a tax on secured WLAN networks, causing most private households to open their networks to public use. Such a change would also force providers to lift their download caps (downloads are not attributable to a user), and so charges would only relate to having a line.
To make this fair, we must meet Passy's proposal head on: there must be regulatory requirements for every building to contribute to a hard connection - a kind of digital license fee say, but with a market in which service provider you pay your fee to.
Just a couple of legal/ tax changes, and you could enjoy 15MB/s ubiquitous broadband in all urban parts of the UK (or indeed, across the EU and developed world) - with our current infrastructure, and at negligible cost to business.
There are nearly an infinite number of private WiFi transmitters.
You can get signal everywhere in every city, 24/7.
Unfortunately they are all secured, password protected and inaccessible to the public.
There is a fear of privacy breach and network invasion.
This is perpetuated by hardware providers, network providers and security software firms. They all want you to have a personal subscriber line and monthly 3G paid access.
WiFi is free, effective and un-meterable. Like clean water and sunshine. No one wants to pay 50 cents for five minutes.
This reminds me of the days of expensive cell phone minutes where people use to talk like Speedy Gonzalez to avoid high charges. Now we have unlimited worldwide free long distance--isn't that a whole lot better. Wifi is no different.
We do not trust each other and do not want strangers on our signal. And who wants a virus?
In truth, freeing your network does not breach your pc, won't steal your credit, and does not slow down your access speed.
The Golden Rule: Therefore all things whatsoever ye would surf the internet, then other men should even so surf your internet.
Jesus was a freegan nerd.
The Hippies were right. We need to have trust. And be generous.
Free your network. IT costs nothing and is invaluable to your neighbor. And one day you will also be that stranger in a foreign land in need of a little signal.
I consider this a random act of kindness and the world could use a lot more of it.
Change that security setting: Uncheck the Paranoid Box.
This is sticking it to the Man...they hate that. A Society where people trust each other and saves money collectively.
Next to Free Love, the next best thing is Free Internet.
A stranger is just a friend that you haven't Facebooked before.